Oh! You surprised me...
Well, this past week on tuesday we were able to barely touch the surface on the bottomless ocean of MASKED DANCE. I was already so excited for this unit, and afterwards could not wait to do more research. Having lived in Africa twice already, our house has become a safe haven for mulitple kinds of masks. However, we could only take around ten with us to Seoul (even though we have acquired 3 more Talchem masks for the collection!).
Intrigued by these ever present memorials in my home, I found out about some other cool kinds of African masks I haven't even seen, either because they are from countries far away from where i was located, or they are just different from the other ones we place on our walls.
HELMET MASKS
BACKGROUND RESEARCH: "This type of mask is the only type of African mask reserved exclusively for women. It is used by female members of the Gola peoples (in Sierra Leone) during ceremonies as young girls are initiated into a women's secret society called Sande, an organization that is responsible for the education and socialization of young Gola girls. In the course of the initiation process, they learn an entire body of knowledge: rules of moral conduct, legends, dance steps, songs, and secret recipes for medicines." (http://uima.uiowa.edu/sande-mask/)
PERSONAL REACTION: I really like the intense "look of concentration" on the face of this mask. Also, by the eyes being merely slits, it makes even the eyes not an identifier, allowing for this new identity to completely overtake the person. This mask makes me think of "Things Fall Apart" by Chinua Achebe, when the village practices their secret ceremonies, and the men of the village who obviously wear masks to portray spirits are so enveloped in a mystical aura that they are actually believed to be that sacred by the village. It would be interesting to see how movement is executed in these masks.
BODY MASKS
BACKGROUND RESEARCH: "The celebrations that accompany the coming-out ceremonies [ in Southern Tanzania] involve feasting, dance and the masquerades of the midimu (sing. ndimu) spirit makers. The female body mask was part of the costume of a special ndimu masker called amwalindembo that was intended to represent a young pregnant woman. It was usually carved with a swollen abdomen decorated with the typical Makonde raised tattoos applied with beeswax (in this case carved in relief) and was always worn by a male masquerader together with a matching female facemask. The amwalindembo performed a sedate dance usually accompanied by a male ndimu masker, which dramatized the agonies of childbirth." (http://www.artfromafrica.com/bodymask.html)
PERSONAL REACTION: I really liked that by not only masking you face but your body as well, the actor is really becoming an entirely new person (in this case a man vs. a pregnant woman-- huge difference!) and embracing it completely. I think that even though you are limiting the use of you own body, it in many ways opens up new possibilities for your body to "shed its skin" and adapt itself in different ways.
COON "CAPE MINSTREL" MASKS
BACKGROUND RESEARCH: Origin South Africa. This type of mask is hand painted and serves as a disguise and comical face from way back when emancipation of slaves was proclaimed. The comical smiling disguise allowed slaves to dance right in the face of colonial masters singing at the top of his voice almost in a way as to vent all the pent up frustrations without being identified, hence no punishment. For three hundred years and more against all the odds this vibrant and unique tradition still lives on in the heart of Cape Town as an annual carnival. (http://www.rebirth.co.za/african_mask_basic%20forms.htm)
PERSONAL RESPONSE: I have personally been to Cape Town twice and I love the vibrant feel of the city. I love that this is a more modern tradition of masked dance and celebration (since the 1840's). This is also a face painted mask, which unlike the helmet mask actually allows everything in the face to be seen, but with a different emotion and appearance. Every muscle still moves the same way, and is interesting how this prevents a "static face" which is often a limiting factor of masked dance.